• Some aspects of intercellular Ca wave

  2022-05-19

  

  Some aspects of intercellular Ca2+ wave spread are similar to the phenomenon of spreading depression and associated with migraine headache [57]. These depolarization waves, followed by electrical inhibition, are evoked by transient hypoxia and other types of SecinH3 injury and spread slowly across

• In the last thirty years accumulating data have

  2022-05-19

  

  In the last thirty years, accumulating data have addressed a role for GABA in the modulation of gastrointestinal (GI) functions via its possible involvement in the circuitry of the enteric nervous system (ENS). The ENS is a complex neuronal network located within the gut wall, capable of regulating,

• br Material and methods br Results and discussion

  2022-05-19

  

  Material and methods Results and discussion Discussion It is well established that the guanosine-rich DNA sequences within telomeric DNA repeats, and in the promoter regions of a number of oncogenes or proto-oncogenes such as c-myc [20,23], VEGF [28,48,49] and Bcl-2 [21,50], can readily ass

• Several transgenic and knockout congenic mouse models

  2022-05-19

  

  Several transgenic and knockout/congenic mouse models have been generated in order to assess the role of FFAR1 for proper insulin secretion and maintenance of glucose homeostasis. The results obtained with three different receptor knockout mouse models were not consistent. The protection against hig

• br Promotion of GLS expression Glutamine metabolism is

  2022-05-19

  

  Promotion of GLS2 expression Glutamine metabolism is another target for alteration in ferroptosis. Glutamine is required for the induction of ferroptosis during serum-induced injury after amino 7ACC1 receptor starvation [72]. The first step of glutamine catabolism is its conversion to glutamate,

• At the heart of ferroptosis is a process of lethal

  2022-05-19

  

  At the heart of ferroptosis is a process of lethal lipid peroxidation, which is the oxidative addition of molecular oxygen (O2) to lipids, such as polyunsaturated fatty acyl tails in phospholipids. The first descriptions of such enzymatic reactions were in 1955 by Peterson and colleagues [50] and Ro

• In vitro studies have described the kinetic parameters of th

  2022-05-19

  

  In vitro studies have described the kinetic parameters of the KDM4A catalytic site (cKDM4A) (Figure 1C) (23); the kcat/KM (kcat as the catalytic constant and KM as the Michaelis constant) values represent how fast the enzyme reacts with the substrate once it encounters the substrate, where the value

• As an inflammatory mediator histamine plays a pivotal role

  2022-05-19

  

  As an inflammatory mediator, histamine plays a pivotal role in nociceptive processes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems (Gemkow et al., 2009; Hough & Rice, 2011; Tiligada et al., 2009). In this respect, the participation of H3Rs in modulating pain, especially neuropathic pain, has at

• LY335979 br Retrieval requires histamine H receptors in dors

  2022-05-19

  

  Retrieval requires histamine H1 receptors in dorsal hippocampus Retrieval is a dynamic process that requires neurotransmitter regulation (Barros et al., 2000, Barros et al., 2001). Recently, histamine, and histaminergic transmission has entered the list of putative neurotransmitter modulators of

• Hh signaling pathway plays an essential role in the

  2022-05-19

  

  Hh signaling pathway plays an essential role in the regulation of invertebrate and vertebrate tissue development and metabolic homeostasis. Components of Hh signaling pathway have been identified in succession, including Hh ligands, membrane protein receptors, cytoplasmic components and transcriptio

• br Chemistry The methylsulfanyl dihydro

  2022-05-18

  

  Chemistry The 8-methylsulfanyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-thieno[3,4-g]isothiadizaole scaffold was synthesized from commercially available 1,3-dioxolane-2,1′-cyclohexane-4-one 17 (Scheme 1). The isothiadizaole ring was formed with SOCl2 from N-carboxamide hydrazine imine 19, which was prepared from 17 and hy

• hedgehog inhibitor Protein structures determined in high res

  2022-05-18

  

  Protein structures determined in high resolution by X-ray crystallography and NMR techniques provide wealth of structural information on intra-domain and inter-domain protein interactions of small sized proteins. In addition, cryo-EM often provides low resolution structures of multi-component protei

• In this study we demonstrated that while Cu

  2022-05-18

  

  In this study, we demonstrated that while Cu(I) does not affect LPS induced iNOS Ac-Endothelin-1 (16-21), human it inhibits NO release from microglia. Cu(I)-induced GSNOR inhibition and GSNO depletion is more in line with alternative (non-inflammatory) polarization. These results extend our previou

• Although it is currently unknown

  2022-05-18

  

  Although it is currently unknown why the longer splice variant found in the human has not been found in any other species, similar results have been reported for other receptors, including the ym express receptor receptor splice variant ERbeta2 identified in human and primate, but not other species

• GnRH receptor GnRH R levels are

  2022-05-18

  

  GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) levels are elevated in decidualized stromal cells, suggesting a function for the GnRH–GnRH-R pathway in the early implantation events. Both GnRH and GnRH-R have been shown to be present in preimplantation embryos and the fallopian tubes at both mRNA and protein levels (). Two

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