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The recently de orphaned G protein coupled receptor GPCR GPR
2021-11-02
The recently de-orphaned G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), GPR55, is activated endogenously by L-α-lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), a lipid signaling molecule, as well as N-arachidonoyl glycine (NAGly) and numerous endo, phyto, and synthetic cannabinoids (Oka et al., 2007, Henstridge et al., 2010, H
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Attempting to further elucidate the role of
2021-11-02
Attempting to further elucidate the role of 2-D08 and activation of the Gcgr without the influence of GLP-1, we used DT-Gcg mice with acute knockdown of all proglucagon products. This mouse model has previously been shown previously to have a normal total islet area as well as β cell area compared
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br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgments
2021-11-02
Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments Introduction Hedgehog (Hh) signaling controls key steps of development in most tissues and organs of invertebrates and vertebrates (Briscoe and Therond, 2013, Ingham et al., 2011, Wilson and Chuang, 2010). The unique cellular composition and mo
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The findings in mice were echoed in
2021-11-02
The findings in mice were echoed in the human studies, in which the effects of higher doses of LY3298178 caused greater weight loss than the selective GLP-1RA dulaglutide. In patients with T2DM, LY3298176 demonstrated meaningful weight loss after only four weeks of treatment. This was consistent wit
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Immunohistochemistry analysis shown ghrelin and GHSR a immun
2021-11-02
Immunohistochemistry analysis shown ghrelin and GHSR-1a immunostaining was located in the epithelial cells of thymidylate synthase inhibitor and ducts throughout the lactation, strong immunoreactive cells were detected in L30, L60 and L120 stage. The distribution of ghrelin has been shown in many t
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These data suggest that the dehydration
2021-11-02
These data suggest that the dehydration of the SSRBCs induced by RANTES might result of an activation of the Gardos channel mediated by the chemokine receptor DARC. However, direct evidence of Gardos channel activation by chemokines in Duffy-positive SSRBCs leading to cell dehydration has not been e
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Type II diabetes is characterized by an inability to
2021-11-02
Type II diabetes is characterized by an inability to maintain glucose homeostasis due to insulin desensitization and/or insufficient insulin secretion. GPR40, also known as free fatty GSK J4 receptor 1 (FFAR1), is a member of the G-protein-coupled lipid-activated family of receptors and is primaril
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Xifaxan In addition to the regulation afforded by calcineuri
2021-11-02
In addition to the regulation afforded by calcineurin/NFAT axis, it has been shown that deregulation of some microRNAs (e.g. miR-155) can induce activation of Fas/FasL-in various cell types [72]. Furthermore, Fas–FasL interactions appear to be an important mechanism for the maintenance of immune pri
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WT associated protein WTAP a
2021-11-02
WT1 associated protein (WTAP), a nuclear protein, is first identified by Little [6] who noticed its specific interaction with WT1. Besides several essential physiological processes, such as mRNA stabilization [7], eye development [8], m6A methylation [9], mRNA alternative splicing [10] and UNC669 r
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In cancer cells HIF upregulates HK II expression
2021-11-01
In cancer cells, HIF-1α upregulates HK-II expression by binding to the hypoxia-responsive element in the HK-II promoter region to adapt to hypoxic conditions [20]. In the present study, we observed that mangiferin transiently increased HIF-1α expression in endothelial cells, suggesting another possi
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PTC-209 synthesis Since its development the HCV replicon sys
2021-11-01
Since its development, the HCV replicon system (Lohmann et al., 1999) has been a critical tool in the HCV antiviral discovery process (Gottwein et al., 2009, Imhof and Simmonds, 2010, Lohmann et al., 1999, Pietschmann et al., 2001, Imhof and Simmonds, 2010, Gottwein et al., 2009). The replicon assay
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br Discussion The Pro Ala variant in PPARG
2021-11-01
Discussion The Pro12Ala variant in PPARG has been one of the first candidate SNPs for type 2 diabetes [16], [17]. The rare allele of this variant is associated with a 25% reduced risk for the disease [18]. Given the role of PPARG as both a receptor for NEFA and itself a regulator of fat metabolis
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Whereas accurate measurement of glucagon in humans has
2021-11-01
Whereas accurate measurement of glucagon in humans has been possible since the early 1950s proper measurements in rodents, have not. That said, plasma concentrations of glucagon have been reported in rodent studies [21] using C-terminal specific methods but what has been lacking is the secretory dyn
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Introduction Epigenetic alterations play an important role i
2021-10-29
Introduction Epigenetic alterations play an important role in carcinogenesis. Aberrant promoter CpG island hypermethylation causes transcriptional gene silencing [1], and has been documented for a number of genes in prostate cancer (PCA) [2]. Histone modifications are also important regulators of t
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The effects of opioids such as morphine are mediated
2021-10-29
The effects of opioids such as morphine are mediated through the opioid receptors. Opioid receptors are widely expressed both peripherally and in the CNS (Chen et al., 1993, Evans et al., 1992). The opioid agonist morphine has been shown to amplify the effect of the tubular cell-gp120 interaction on
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