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The requirement for two distinct
2019-08-09
The requirement for two distinct signalling pathways for cAMP-induced growth arrest likely represents an important mechanism allowing VSMC to finely modulate their cellular responses to cAMP-elevating stimuli. Our data demonstrates for the first time that activation of both pathways in VSMC results
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To provide a brief critical evaluation of this technology an
2019-08-09
To provide a brief critical evaluation of this technology and an outlook, we note that performance of SMEPT is critically dependent on each of the components making up this platform, namely the substrate, the enzyme, and the prodrug. With regards to the latter, SMEPT is built on the experience and s
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br O GlcNAc transferase OGT
2019-08-09
O-GlcNAc transferase OGT belongs to the metal-independent GT-B superfamily of glycosyltransferases, which has been well-reviewed previously [14,15]. OGT is an essential gene encoded on the X-chromosome, and it has two main regions: a long N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) region and a C-t
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To get an indication whether
2019-08-09
To get an indication whether GBM-derived 25-OHC could act as a chemotactic signal for monocytes, lipid extracts of GM133 media were used in THP-1 migration assays. Although an indirect approach, these experiments revealed that medium lipid extracts induced monocyte migration in a quantitatively comp
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It has only recently been appreciated that antigen
2019-08-09
It has only recently been appreciated that antigen-activated trans-4-Hydroxycrotonic acid formula undertake two additional transient migrations during the early stages of T-dependent antibody responses. In the first of these, antigen-activated B cells migrate rapidly (within 2–3h) to the outer regi
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A growing number of other post translational modifications a
2019-08-09
A growing number of other post-translational modifications are implicated in regulation of the ubiquitin system, including substrate modification by hydroxylation, glycosylation, acetylation, methylation, modification by poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), and attachment of ubiquitin-like modifiers. The HIF1-α
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Water solubility experimental data of water hydrocarbon mixt
2019-08-08
Water solubility experimental data of 24 water + hydrocarbon mixtures are used to find a general correlation for CPA model parameters. Finally, the model is benchmarked against three complex water solubility data set (Athabasca bitumen + water mixtures) from the literature [25], [26]. The model reli
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Organ fibrosis is thought to be initiated by repeated
2019-08-08
Organ fibrosis is thought to be initiated by repeated or chronic epithelial injury. The current belief is that damaged epithelial read more here induce an aberrant and unresolved wound repair process by activating fibroblasts via various profibrotic cues. Upon injury, epithelial cells activate the p
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Gastrointestinal tone can be effectively modulated by cholin
2019-08-08
Gastrointestinal tone can be effectively modulated by cholinesterase inhibitors. As parasympathetic fibers release ampa receptors to contract the circular and longitudinal intestinal muscles, AChE inhibition can facilitate those actions. Postoperative ileus (delayed gastric emptying after surgery)
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Although it is well established that estrogen and
2019-08-08
Although it is well established that estrogen and ESR1 mediate numerous reproductive processes, increasing evidence suggests that ESR2 also lays an integral role in reproduction. ESR2 is a mediator in folliculogenesis and may also act by stimulating ovulation and regulating luteinization (Su et al.,
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There is a considerable molecular genetic heterogeneity with
2019-08-08
There is a considerable molecular genetic heterogeneity within ES/PNET. As mentioned above, either or can rearrange with in these gene fusions. Furthermore, for either gene fusion, additional heterogeneity stems from the location of the genomic breakpoints of the translocation, resulting in diffe
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Upon Edn ligand binding endothelin
2019-08-08
Upon Edn ligand binding, endothelin receptors can induce a variety of intracellular signaling cascades leading to diverse cellular responses such as contraction in the case of smooth muscle cells, or cell growth and mitogenesis. Ednrs are expressed in a variety of cell types and tissues, for example
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2019-08-08
Materials and methods Results Discussion Oxidative stress is a disturbance in the balance of pro- and antioxidant species, resulting in oxidative damage to membrane proteins, lipids, and DNA. Oxidative stress is a predisposing factor for the progression of metabolic diseases and liver injur
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Besides EGFR other tyrosine kinase receptors are currently g
2019-08-08
Besides EGFR, other tyrosine kinase receptors are currently gaining attention as potential therapeutic targets. Included among these is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, which is involved in the progression of a variety of cancers.7, 8, 9, 10, 11 In lung cancer, fibroblast growth
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Similarly in the EAE model Chalmin et
2019-08-08
Similarly in the EAE model, Chalmin et al. previously demonstrated that EBI2 and CH25H might be responsible for the efficient egress of differentiated Th17 cells from the draining lymph nodes [31]. As discussed above, in active EAE we did not find differences in EAE development and only the transfer
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